Subvmission Guidelines
Author Contribute
Reviewer Online
Academic Editor
Academic Editor
Editor-in-chief
2022 Vol. 21, No. 4
Display Method:
2022, 21(4): 1-8.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022039
Abstract:
The sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that since the 18th CPC National Congress, China's ecological and environmental protection has undergone a historic, transforming and overall change. In the new era, China's ecological civilization construction has entered the fast lane and made remarkable achievements. Exploring the theoretical and practical logic behind the achievements is of great significance for realizing new progress in ecological civilization construction and building a beautiful China.This paper makes the dual logic analysis of dilemma and breakthrough, theory and practice as the main line, and on the basis of retrospecting the dilemma faced by ecological civilization construction since the reform and opening up, it explains the correct guidance and scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought on ecological civilization construction in the new era, and constructs the theoretical logic of breaking the situation of ecological civilization construction in the new era. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, the construction of ecological civilization has achieved the system break, the problems break, the governance break and the supervision break in practice, the interlocking practical logic of ecological civilization construction in the new era has been formed, and creating the trend of breaking the ecological civilization construction in the new era by leaps and bounds.
The sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that since the 18th CPC National Congress, China's ecological and environmental protection has undergone a historic, transforming and overall change. In the new era, China's ecological civilization construction has entered the fast lane and made remarkable achievements. Exploring the theoretical and practical logic behind the achievements is of great significance for realizing new progress in ecological civilization construction and building a beautiful China.This paper makes the dual logic analysis of dilemma and breakthrough, theory and practice as the main line, and on the basis of retrospecting the dilemma faced by ecological civilization construction since the reform and opening up, it explains the correct guidance and scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought on ecological civilization construction in the new era, and constructs the theoretical logic of breaking the situation of ecological civilization construction in the new era. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, the construction of ecological civilization has achieved the system break, the problems break, the governance break and the supervision break in practice, the interlocking practical logic of ecological civilization construction in the new era has been formed, and creating the trend of breaking the ecological civilization construction in the new era by leaps and bounds.
2022, 21(4): 9-16.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021222
Abstract:
Modernization is the only way for the development of human society. During the hundred-year journey of leading Chinese people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China（CPC created a new road of Chinese modernization. The modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature is an important feature of Chinese modernization. Building a harmonious coexistence between man and nature is an innovative choice of our party on the basis of fully absorbing the experience and lessons of modernization development at home and abroad, and combining Marxist ecological thought with China's natural national conditions and historical stage of development. Only under the strong leadership of CPC, by strengthening the socialist direction of modernization, adhering to the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and infiltrating the principles, requirements and objectives of greening into new industrialization, urbanization, agricultural modernization and informationization, can we open up a new era of socialist ecological civilization in the process of adhering to and developing the Chinese ecological innovation modernization road.
Modernization is the only way for the development of human society. During the hundred-year journey of leading Chinese people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China（CPC created a new road of Chinese modernization. The modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature is an important feature of Chinese modernization. Building a harmonious coexistence between man and nature is an innovative choice of our party on the basis of fully absorbing the experience and lessons of modernization development at home and abroad, and combining Marxist ecological thought with China's natural national conditions and historical stage of development. Only under the strong leadership of CPC, by strengthening the socialist direction of modernization, adhering to the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and infiltrating the principles, requirements and objectives of greening into new industrialization, urbanization, agricultural modernization and informationization, can we open up a new era of socialist ecological civilization in the process of adhering to and developing the Chinese ecological innovation modernization road.
2022, 21(4): 17-23.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022034
Abstract:
The new concept of development is the important part of the Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and the major innovations the Party making on the theory of development. Its presentation not only originates from the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core deeply grasping the current trend in the domestic and international development, but is also rooted in the traditional culture, having profound traditional cultural implications. Among them, the concept of innovative development is the deep and comprehensive inheritance and promotion of the traditional "making new day by day" thought; the concept of the harmonious development is the succession and transcendence of the traditional "valuing harmony" thought; the concept of green development is the scientific development and further enhancement of the traditional "nature-human integration" thought; the concept of open development is the promotion and enrichment of the traditional "valuing communication" concept; the concept of shared development is the modern interpretation and innovative development of the traditional "great harmony" ideal.
The new concept of development is the important part of the Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and the major innovations the Party making on the theory of development. Its presentation not only originates from the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core deeply grasping the current trend in the domestic and international development, but is also rooted in the traditional culture, having profound traditional cultural implications. Among them, the concept of innovative development is the deep and comprehensive inheritance and promotion of the traditional "making new day by day" thought; the concept of the harmonious development is the succession and transcendence of the traditional "valuing harmony" thought; the concept of green development is the scientific development and further enhancement of the traditional "nature-human integration" thought; the concept of open development is the promotion and enrichment of the traditional "valuing communication" concept; the concept of shared development is the modern interpretation and innovative development of the traditional "great harmony" ideal.
2022, 21(4): 24-32.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021283
Abstract:
Based on the PSR model, the development evaluation index system of state-owned forest farms in the Yellow River Basin is constructed, and the comprehensive development level of state-owned forest farms in the Yellow River Basin is calculated by using the method of entropy weight TOPSIS and secondary weighting. On this basis, the obstacle factor is analyzed by using the obstacle degree model. And the obstacle factor is analyzed by using the obstacle degree model. The research shows that the development level of state-owned forest farms in the basin is not well developed. On the whole, the development trend of the south of the basin is better than the north of the basin, and the lower reaches of the basin are better than the upper reaches of the basin. The main factors hindering the further development of state-owned forest farms in the basin are the investment level of special funds for infrastructure construction, the protection and cultivation level of forest resources and the development level of new forestry industry. There are obvious similarities in the factors affecting the development of state-owned forest farms in different provinces, and similar types of provinces do not show spatial agglomeration and watershed location agglomeration in the geographical sense, which provides a new perspective for the "zoning policy" of state-owned forest farms in various provinces and regions in the watershed.
Based on the PSR model, the development evaluation index system of state-owned forest farms in the Yellow River Basin is constructed, and the comprehensive development level of state-owned forest farms in the Yellow River Basin is calculated by using the method of entropy weight TOPSIS and secondary weighting. On this basis, the obstacle factor is analyzed by using the obstacle degree model. And the obstacle factor is analyzed by using the obstacle degree model. The research shows that the development level of state-owned forest farms in the basin is not well developed. On the whole, the development trend of the south of the basin is better than the north of the basin, and the lower reaches of the basin are better than the upper reaches of the basin. The main factors hindering the further development of state-owned forest farms in the basin are the investment level of special funds for infrastructure construction, the protection and cultivation level of forest resources and the development level of new forestry industry. There are obvious similarities in the factors affecting the development of state-owned forest farms in different provinces, and similar types of provinces do not show spatial agglomeration and watershed location agglomeration in the geographical sense, which provides a new perspective for the "zoning policy" of state-owned forest farms in various provinces and regions in the watershed.
2022, 21(4): 33-42.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021165
Abstract:
The control of agricultural non-point source pollution is not only an effective way to achieve a healthy agricultural production environment but also a key grip for the Yangtze River Economic Belt to achieve quality improvement, efficiency upgrading, and green development, which is related to the realization of the strategic goal of the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Taking the implementation of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the upstream area of the Yangtze River (Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan) in 2015 as a quasi-natural experiment, the synthetic control method was used to evaluate the impact of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt on the efficiency of agricultural ecological environment in this region. The results show that the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt promotes the efficiency of the agricultural ecological environment in the upstream area, and increases with the deepening of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The analysis of regional heterogeneity shows that the development strategy has promoted the efficiency of the agricultural ecological environment in Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan, and achieved the policy goal of effective control of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by 2020. Therefore, when promoting the efficiency of the agricultural ecological environment, the government should pay more attention to improving the efficiency of fiscal and environmental protection expenditure in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, increasing revenue and reducing expenditure, so as to achieve the expected income goals of policymakers and farmers.
The control of agricultural non-point source pollution is not only an effective way to achieve a healthy agricultural production environment but also a key grip for the Yangtze River Economic Belt to achieve quality improvement, efficiency upgrading, and green development, which is related to the realization of the strategic goal of the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Taking the implementation of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the upstream area of the Yangtze River (Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan) in 2015 as a quasi-natural experiment, the synthetic control method was used to evaluate the impact of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt on the efficiency of agricultural ecological environment in this region. The results show that the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt promotes the efficiency of the agricultural ecological environment in the upstream area, and increases with the deepening of the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The analysis of regional heterogeneity shows that the development strategy has promoted the efficiency of the agricultural ecological environment in Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan, and achieved the policy goal of effective control of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by 2020. Therefore, when promoting the efficiency of the agricultural ecological environment, the government should pay more attention to improving the efficiency of fiscal and environmental protection expenditure in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, increasing revenue and reducing expenditure, so as to achieve the expected income goals of policymakers and farmers.
2022, 21(4): 43-49.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021342
Abstract:
Based on the theory related to the efficiency of fiscal expenditure, the efficiency of forest insurance financial subsidies in China was studied. Firstly, the comprehensive efficiency evaluation index system of my country's forest insurance financial subsidies is constructed from the perspectives of economic efficiency and social efficiency, and the entropy weighting method was used to measure the subsidy efficiency values by province for 2019. Then, incorporating the scale of subsidies into the production function, the data of each province in China from 2013-2019 were used to explore the impact of different factors on the efficiency of financial subsidies for forest insurance and to measure the optimal scale of forest insurance subsidies in China. It is found that economic efficiency is given more weight than social efficiency in evaluating the efficiency of financial subsidies for forest insurance; the scale of government financial subsidies has a significant positive driving effect on the efficiency of subsidies, while the level of economic development of the place also has an important impact on the efficiency of forest insurance financial subsidies; In addition, the production function method shows that the subsidy efficiency is maximized when the government forest insurance premium subsidy reaches 4.21% of the primary forestry industry output, but the actual scale of subsidies in most regions of the country is still far smaller than the optimal level. Based on the above findings, this paper proposes the following recommendations: to expand the scope of subsidies and implement forest insurance nationwide; to increase the financial subsidies, strive to narrow the difference with the optimal scale, and increase the subsidy ratio differently according to the actual situation of the economic development level and the amount of subsidies in each region; to pay attention to the improvement of economic efficiency while taking into account social efficiency; the government should comprehensively determine the optimal subsidy scale of forest insurance according to the target scale of forestry output value and the optimal subsidy scale ratio.
Based on the theory related to the efficiency of fiscal expenditure, the efficiency of forest insurance financial subsidies in China was studied. Firstly, the comprehensive efficiency evaluation index system of my country's forest insurance financial subsidies is constructed from the perspectives of economic efficiency and social efficiency, and the entropy weighting method was used to measure the subsidy efficiency values by province for 2019. Then, incorporating the scale of subsidies into the production function, the data of each province in China from 2013-2019 were used to explore the impact of different factors on the efficiency of financial subsidies for forest insurance and to measure the optimal scale of forest insurance subsidies in China. It is found that economic efficiency is given more weight than social efficiency in evaluating the efficiency of financial subsidies for forest insurance; the scale of government financial subsidies has a significant positive driving effect on the efficiency of subsidies, while the level of economic development of the place also has an important impact on the efficiency of forest insurance financial subsidies; In addition, the production function method shows that the subsidy efficiency is maximized when the government forest insurance premium subsidy reaches 4.21% of the primary forestry industry output, but the actual scale of subsidies in most regions of the country is still far smaller than the optimal level. Based on the above findings, this paper proposes the following recommendations: to expand the scope of subsidies and implement forest insurance nationwide; to increase the financial subsidies, strive to narrow the difference with the optimal scale, and increase the subsidy ratio differently according to the actual situation of the economic development level and the amount of subsidies in each region; to pay attention to the improvement of economic efficiency while taking into account social efficiency; the government should comprehensively determine the optimal subsidy scale of forest insurance according to the target scale of forestry output value and the optimal subsidy scale ratio.
2022, 21(4): 50-57.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021357
Abstract:
Since April 2015, China has implemented the policy of completely stopping commercial logging of natural forests. The implementation of this policy has led to a decrease in the supply of domestic hardwood lumber and an increase in the import dependence of hardwood lumber, which had brought about a profound impact on the price transmission among China's imported hardwood lumber. In this context,we selected the daily price data of major imported hardwood lumber (Merbau, Sapele,Triplochiton, Beech and Okoume) in China from 2011 to 2019 for empirical study. June 1, 2015 was identified as the structural mutation point, and the time interval was divided into two sub-intervals. The price transmission relationship between imported hardwood lumber was empirically analyzed by the threshold cointegration model.The results showed that each price group had asymmetric price transmission relationship in the two sub-intervals, and the asymmetry of price transmission was further enhanced after the implementation of commercial ban policy of natural forest, which led to the widening of the welfare distribution gap of timber importers and exporters, and made Chinese timber importers in a more unfavorable trade position. On this basis, we put forward some strategies to deal with asymmetric price transmission from the perspectives of government and enterprises, so as to maintain fair and reasonable timber trade.
Since April 2015, China has implemented the policy of completely stopping commercial logging of natural forests. The implementation of this policy has led to a decrease in the supply of domestic hardwood lumber and an increase in the import dependence of hardwood lumber, which had brought about a profound impact on the price transmission among China's imported hardwood lumber. In this context,we selected the daily price data of major imported hardwood lumber (Merbau, Sapele,Triplochiton, Beech and Okoume) in China from 2011 to 2019 for empirical study. June 1, 2015 was identified as the structural mutation point, and the time interval was divided into two sub-intervals. The price transmission relationship between imported hardwood lumber was empirically analyzed by the threshold cointegration model.The results showed that each price group had asymmetric price transmission relationship in the two sub-intervals, and the asymmetry of price transmission was further enhanced after the implementation of commercial ban policy of natural forest, which led to the widening of the welfare distribution gap of timber importers and exporters, and made Chinese timber importers in a more unfavorable trade position. On this basis, we put forward some strategies to deal with asymmetric price transmission from the perspectives of government and enterprises, so as to maintain fair and reasonable timber trade.
2022, 21(4): 58-65.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021238
Abstract:
The development of bamboo industry faces challenges and needs transformation urgently. Industrial integration provides new ideas for its development. Based on the perspective of industrial integration and the field survey data of 183 bamboo industry stakeholders in Anji and Longyou counties of Zhejiang Province, this paper systematically analyzes the influencing factors and mechanism of integrated development of bamboo industry in Zhejiang Province by using structural equation model. The results show that policy factors, technical factors and market factors have a great impact on the integrated development of bamboo industry in Zhejiang Province. The total effects are 0.255, 0.246 and 0.246 respectively, followed by resource factors, 0.241, while organizational factors play the least role, 0.179.On this basis, we put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the integrated development of bamboo industry in Zhejiang Province: strengthen policy support and promote the steady development of bamboo industry, strengthen technological innovation and realize the modern development of bamboo industry, strengthen market construction and promote the efficient and sustainable development of bamboo industry, improve resources utilization and promote the sustainable development of bamboo industry, strengthen organizational guidance and drive the coordinated development of bamboo industry.
The development of bamboo industry faces challenges and needs transformation urgently. Industrial integration provides new ideas for its development. Based on the perspective of industrial integration and the field survey data of 183 bamboo industry stakeholders in Anji and Longyou counties of Zhejiang Province, this paper systematically analyzes the influencing factors and mechanism of integrated development of bamboo industry in Zhejiang Province by using structural equation model. The results show that policy factors, technical factors and market factors have a great impact on the integrated development of bamboo industry in Zhejiang Province. The total effects are 0.255, 0.246 and 0.246 respectively, followed by resource factors, 0.241, while organizational factors play the least role, 0.179.On this basis, we put forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the integrated development of bamboo industry in Zhejiang Province: strengthen policy support and promote the steady development of bamboo industry, strengthen technological innovation and realize the modern development of bamboo industry, strengthen market construction and promote the efficient and sustainable development of bamboo industry, improve resources utilization and promote the sustainable development of bamboo industry, strengthen organizational guidance and drive the coordinated development of bamboo industry.
2022, 21(4): 66-71.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022036
Abstract:
Accounting the carbon stock and value of forest resources in state-owned forest farms helps to clarify the forest resources before and after the reform of state-owned forest farms, to understand the status of forest resources, to reasonably formulate forest resources protection and management measures, and to provide a reference for forestry carbon sink emission reduction and carbon peak and carbon neutrality goal achievement in state-owned forest farms. Using the collected forest resources inventory data before and after the reform of state-owned forest farms between 2015 and 2018, the total carbon stock of forest resources and its fluctuation in the Xijiang Forest Farm were calculated by the forest stock method. According to the classification of different forest types, the carbon stock and value of forest resources were also calculated. The results are as follows: After the reform of state-owned forest farms, the forest area increased by 420.19 hm2, and the forest stock increased by 10 100 m3, and the forest carbon stock increased from 603 707 to 615 408 tons. Planted forests contributed mainly to these improvements, whose carbon stock increased by 1.74%. The value of carbon stocks increased from 57.055 8 to 61.802 6 million yuan from 2015 to 2018, with a growth rate of 8.32%. In conclusion, the reform of state-owned forest farms improved the protection and construction of forest farms, and optimized the forest structure, and as a result, both forest carbon stock and value presented increasing patterns.
Accounting the carbon stock and value of forest resources in state-owned forest farms helps to clarify the forest resources before and after the reform of state-owned forest farms, to understand the status of forest resources, to reasonably formulate forest resources protection and management measures, and to provide a reference for forestry carbon sink emission reduction and carbon peak and carbon neutrality goal achievement in state-owned forest farms. Using the collected forest resources inventory data before and after the reform of state-owned forest farms between 2015 and 2018, the total carbon stock of forest resources and its fluctuation in the Xijiang Forest Farm were calculated by the forest stock method. According to the classification of different forest types, the carbon stock and value of forest resources were also calculated. The results are as follows: After the reform of state-owned forest farms, the forest area increased by 420.19 hm2, and the forest stock increased by 10 100 m3, and the forest carbon stock increased from 603 707 to 615 408 tons. Planted forests contributed mainly to these improvements, whose carbon stock increased by 1.74%. The value of carbon stocks increased from 57.055 8 to 61.802 6 million yuan from 2015 to 2018, with a growth rate of 8.32%. In conclusion, the reform of state-owned forest farms improved the protection and construction of forest farms, and optimized the forest structure, and as a result, both forest carbon stock and value presented increasing patterns.
2022, 21(4): 72-78.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021214
Abstract:
At present, the division of fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of national parks in China is too rough. It is an inevitable requirement for the next reform of national park system to refine the fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of national parks in the vertical and horizontal directions in the field of natural protected areas. The division of fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of national parks must be economically efficient and politically reflect the principles and requirements of the unified leadership of the central government and the balanced development of local governments. This paper subdivides the fiscal authority of national parks into nine first-class authorities, and several second-class authorities and items, and then analyzes each subdivided authority and item, in accordance to authority-partitioning principles. An optimal authority mode is determined based on the Chinese nature reserve management experience of comprehensively evaluating and judging different modes such as central government fiscal authority, local government authority, shared fiscal authority between national parks and local government. The basic conclusion of the study is that, in accordance with the hierarchical management system of national parks, the national parks under the direct management of the central government are mainly the central fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility, while the national parks entrusted by the central government to provinces are mainly the common fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of the central and local governments.
At present, the division of fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of national parks in China is too rough. It is an inevitable requirement for the next reform of national park system to refine the fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of national parks in the vertical and horizontal directions in the field of natural protected areas. The division of fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of national parks must be economically efficient and politically reflect the principles and requirements of the unified leadership of the central government and the balanced development of local governments. This paper subdivides the fiscal authority of national parks into nine first-class authorities, and several second-class authorities and items, and then analyzes each subdivided authority and item, in accordance to authority-partitioning principles. An optimal authority mode is determined based on the Chinese nature reserve management experience of comprehensively evaluating and judging different modes such as central government fiscal authority, local government authority, shared fiscal authority between national parks and local government. The basic conclusion of the study is that, in accordance with the hierarchical management system of national parks, the national parks under the direct management of the central government are mainly the central fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility, while the national parks entrusted by the central government to provinces are mainly the common fiscal authority and expenditure responsibility of the central and local governments.
2022, 21(4): 79-87.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021243
Abstract:
Vernacular landscape is an important carrier of rural environment and cultural diversity. Taking Xixi South Village in Anhui Province as an example, this paper explores tourists' perception of vernacular landscape characteristics and sense of place and the relationship between them through factor analysis and regression analysis. The five dimensions of perception on vernacular landscape characteristics, i.e., natural landscape, vernacular building, farming landscape, traditional cultural and local feeling, have high scores and there are few individual differences among tourists. Sense of place has three dimensions, namely place emotion, place cognition and behavioral intention, and there are obvious differences among tourists. At the same time, the perception on vernacular landscape characteristics has a positive role in promoting the construction of tourists' sense of place. Local cognition and local emotion of the sense of place promote each other, and local emotion and local cognition also positively promote tourists' behavioral intention. Finally, based on the research findings, we propose suggestions for the development of traditional villages, which will provide a reference for traditional villages to explore the deep meaning of vernacular landscape characteristics from a multi-dimensional perspective, establish sense of place, and promote the sustainable development of rural tourism.
2022, 21(4): 88-95.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021224
Abstract:
Due to the low terrain, poor drainage, and the influence of the Yellow River and the Great Canal, the Huai River Basin has been one of the most flood-prone areas in China. In 1906?913, floods occurred for several consecutive years in this area, causing persistent famines and plague. At that time, it was just a period of great change in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The crisis that the government needed to deal with came one after another, and the plague epidemic added great difficulties to the relief work. The United States timely extended a helping hand to raise charity funds and materials to help the victims, and there were some new trends in disaster relief ideas and measures. Several engineers were sent to China to participate in investigation and research on flood control. Bailie, Professor of Agriculture inNanking University, a missionary university run by the United States in China, organized the victims to carry out the afforestation in Purple Mountain and Farm Colony plan. Under the coordination of Ahern, director of the US Philippine forestry administration, Han an, a Chinese returned Forester from the United States, the US consuls in Nanjing and Shanghai at that time and Nanking University, the remaining relief fund donated by the United States was used to establish the Forestry Department of Nanking University to cultivate forestry talents. The above measures have accumulated a lot of experience for disaster relief and prevention since then, and also opened the cooperation between China and the United States in agriculture and forestry, water conservancy projects, road construction, disease response and so on in the first half of the 20th century.
Due to the low terrain, poor drainage, and the influence of the Yellow River and the Great Canal, the Huai River Basin has been one of the most flood-prone areas in China. In 1906?913, floods occurred for several consecutive years in this area, causing persistent famines and plague. At that time, it was just a period of great change in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The crisis that the government needed to deal with came one after another, and the plague epidemic added great difficulties to the relief work. The United States timely extended a helping hand to raise charity funds and materials to help the victims, and there were some new trends in disaster relief ideas and measures. Several engineers were sent to China to participate in investigation and research on flood control. Bailie, Professor of Agriculture inNanking University, a missionary university run by the United States in China, organized the victims to carry out the afforestation in Purple Mountain and Farm Colony plan. Under the coordination of Ahern, director of the US Philippine forestry administration, Han an, a Chinese returned Forester from the United States, the US consuls in Nanjing and Shanghai at that time and Nanking University, the remaining relief fund donated by the United States was used to establish the Forestry Department of Nanking University to cultivate forestry talents. The above measures have accumulated a lot of experience for disaster relief and prevention since then, and also opened the cooperation between China and the United States in agriculture and forestry, water conservancy projects, road construction, disease response and so on in the first half of the 20th century.
2022, 21(4): 96-100.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2022023
Abstract:
The innovation and construction of "New Liberal Arts" in the recent years has aroused widespread concerns and discussions in the circles of education and social sciences. However, some problems have not been clarified, and they are still in the exploratory stage. Through extensive study and analysis on the related literature, the paper proposes the principles of "safeguarding", "breaking-through" and "surpassing" for the reform and construction of "New Liberal Arts". "Safeguarding" means to adhere to the essence and connotation of the disciplines of liberal arts. On the basis of it, it is suggested to "break through" the backward concepts of running a college/university, the confinement of administrative management of scientific research system, and the disciplinary barriers within the humanities and social sciences and between them and natural sciences. Thereafter, considering the advantages and characteristics of their disciplines comprehensively, colleges/universities should innovate and optimize their disciplinary positionings and layouts, talent cultivation mechanisms, teaching modes and research methods. Finally, "surpassing" is achieved, that is, different disciplines have proceeded boundary crossing, disciplinary fusion and knowledge integration, and made use of advanced scientific and technological methods to teach and research so as to bring up high-quality talents for the social development and serve the national strategy better. In the reform and construction of "New Liberal Arts", some pilot universities have provided a number of effective and innovative measures, which would be insightful for other colleges/universities.
The innovation and construction of "New Liberal Arts" in the recent years has aroused widespread concerns and discussions in the circles of education and social sciences. However, some problems have not been clarified, and they are still in the exploratory stage. Through extensive study and analysis on the related literature, the paper proposes the principles of "safeguarding", "breaking-through" and "surpassing" for the reform and construction of "New Liberal Arts". "Safeguarding" means to adhere to the essence and connotation of the disciplines of liberal arts. On the basis of it, it is suggested to "break through" the backward concepts of running a college/university, the confinement of administrative management of scientific research system, and the disciplinary barriers within the humanities and social sciences and between them and natural sciences. Thereafter, considering the advantages and characteristics of their disciplines comprehensively, colleges/universities should innovate and optimize their disciplinary positionings and layouts, talent cultivation mechanisms, teaching modes and research methods. Finally, "surpassing" is achieved, that is, different disciplines have proceeded boundary crossing, disciplinary fusion and knowledge integration, and made use of advanced scientific and technological methods to teach and research so as to bring up high-quality talents for the social development and serve the national strategy better. In the reform and construction of "New Liberal Arts", some pilot universities have provided a number of effective and innovative measures, which would be insightful for other colleges/universities.
Email Alert
RSS