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2021 Vol. 20, No. 3
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2021, 20(3): 1-9.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021016
Abstract:
The development of ecological environment is a top priority for the sustainable development of China. Based on the main achievements and important measures of ecological environment development since the founding of the People's Republic of China (the P.R.C.), the basic experience and future prospect of ecological environment development are explored. Since the founding of the P.R.C., a series of significant achievements has been made in China, including the rise of the ecological environment development from the "government consciousness" to the "state will", the improvement of supervision mechanism and the enhancement of supervision ability, the formation of mutual promotion system between ecological environment protection and development, the preliminary complement of framework of national ecological security defense and the improvement of guarantee ability, the achievement of environment management, and the promotion of human settlement, and so on. The achievement of China's ecological environment development has benefited from the implementation of the top-level design and system-building, the collaboration of government-led and multi-element co-treatment, the combination of engineering measures and biological measures, and the co-treatment of urban and rural human settlement. In the process of ecological environment development, some basic experience has been concluded, such as the equality of ecological environment conservation and productivity protection, the precedence of long-term development over short-term interests and the importance of universal participation to ecological environment development. Opportunities and challenges coexist in the development of ecological environment in the new period. To continue to promote the development of ecological environment in China, the green concept should be established in the green production and green life, the national ecological environment should be implemented as a whole by constructing the F.A.S.T. and the whole society should be guided to participate in the development of ecological environment by strengthening behavioral consciousness.
The development of ecological environment is a top priority for the sustainable development of China. Based on the main achievements and important measures of ecological environment development since the founding of the People's Republic of China (the P.R.C.), the basic experience and future prospect of ecological environment development are explored. Since the founding of the P.R.C., a series of significant achievements has been made in China, including the rise of the ecological environment development from the "government consciousness" to the "state will", the improvement of supervision mechanism and the enhancement of supervision ability, the formation of mutual promotion system between ecological environment protection and development, the preliminary complement of framework of national ecological security defense and the improvement of guarantee ability, the achievement of environment management, and the promotion of human settlement, and so on. The achievement of China's ecological environment development has benefited from the implementation of the top-level design and system-building, the collaboration of government-led and multi-element co-treatment, the combination of engineering measures and biological measures, and the co-treatment of urban and rural human settlement. In the process of ecological environment development, some basic experience has been concluded, such as the equality of ecological environment conservation and productivity protection, the precedence of long-term development over short-term interests and the importance of universal participation to ecological environment development. Opportunities and challenges coexist in the development of ecological environment in the new period. To continue to promote the development of ecological environment in China, the green concept should be established in the green production and green life, the national ecological environment should be implemented as a whole by constructing the F.A.S.T. and the whole society should be guided to participate in the development of ecological environment by strengthening behavioral consciousness.
2021, 20(3): 10-16.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021011
Abstract:
Mesua ferrea, one of the rare tree species unique to tropical rain forests, has always been regarded as an important forest resource because of its excellent material. It has been widely used in the manufacture of "Guangdong ships" because of its "hard" texture. Historically,M. ferreawas widely distributed in Guangdong, especially in the western mountainous area of Guangdong Province. It is also found in northern Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta. But in eastern Guangdong, there are almost noM. ferreadistributed around the east of longitude 115°. Since the middle of the 16th century, the quantity and grade ofM. ferreain Guangdong have been gradually declining. Due to the logging caused by the social demand such as shipbuilding, construction, furniture making and imperial wood purchasing, the high quality resources of liveM. ferreahave been sharply reduced. After the 18th century, the destruction of habitat and the disappearance of suitable forest land caused by large-scale mountain development are the fundamental reasons for the depletion ofM. ferreain Guangdong area.
Mesua ferrea, one of the rare tree species unique to tropical rain forests, has always been regarded as an important forest resource because of its excellent material. It has been widely used in the manufacture of "Guangdong ships" because of its "hard" texture. Historically,M. ferreawas widely distributed in Guangdong, especially in the western mountainous area of Guangdong Province. It is also found in northern Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta. But in eastern Guangdong, there are almost noM. ferreadistributed around the east of longitude 115°. Since the middle of the 16th century, the quantity and grade ofM. ferreain Guangdong have been gradually declining. Due to the logging caused by the social demand such as shipbuilding, construction, furniture making and imperial wood purchasing, the high quality resources of liveM. ferreahave been sharply reduced. After the 18th century, the destruction of habitat and the disappearance of suitable forest land caused by large-scale mountain development are the fundamental reasons for the depletion ofM. ferreain Guangdong area.
2021, 20(3): 17-23.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021089
Abstract:
The prosperous practice of London as a National Park City serves as a crucial reference to the conservation of ecological space in China. This article illustrates the basic connotation of National Park City and soundly reviews the campaign and practice in London, from which the similarities and differences among the definition of National Park City, National Park and Park City are analyzed. This research further points out that the essence of National Park City is a completely innovative model of coexistence between mankind and nature. Conclusively, the inspirations and lessons for China's National Park movement are showcased from four aspects, i.e., extensive public participation, transition in the conception of value, focus on the wilderness and wildlife welfare and a better reconnection between man and nature.
The prosperous practice of London as a National Park City serves as a crucial reference to the conservation of ecological space in China. This article illustrates the basic connotation of National Park City and soundly reviews the campaign and practice in London, from which the similarities and differences among the definition of National Park City, National Park and Park City are analyzed. This research further points out that the essence of National Park City is a completely innovative model of coexistence between mankind and nature. Conclusively, the inspirations and lessons for China's National Park movement are showcased from four aspects, i.e., extensive public participation, transition in the conception of value, focus on the wilderness and wildlife welfare and a better reconnection between man and nature.
2021, 20(3): 24-31.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020113
Abstract:
Planning thought is the forerunner of planning decision behavior, and the planning decision under the specific historical background reflects the aesthetic cognition at that time. To carry out a diachronic study of the behavior of planning decision-making and to analyze the essence of aesthetic thoughts contained in the evolution of urban planning thoughts is helpful to clarify the relationship between aesthetic thoughts and planning decision-making behaviors. Based on the theory of landscape (environmental) aesthetics, this paper analyzes the typical urban planning decision-making behaviors in the three periods of ancient China (before 1840), modern China (from 1840 to 1949) and after the founding of the People's Republic of China (after 1949), and interprets the thinking driving characteristics behind urban planning thoughts. It is clear that one of the reasons for the current urban homogenization lies in the weakening of traditional symbolic aesthetics in planning thoughts and the restriction of immature culture. The research aims to provide a new perspective and direction for the inheritance of urban planning ideas under the new normal.
Planning thought is the forerunner of planning decision behavior, and the planning decision under the specific historical background reflects the aesthetic cognition at that time. To carry out a diachronic study of the behavior of planning decision-making and to analyze the essence of aesthetic thoughts contained in the evolution of urban planning thoughts is helpful to clarify the relationship between aesthetic thoughts and planning decision-making behaviors. Based on the theory of landscape (environmental) aesthetics, this paper analyzes the typical urban planning decision-making behaviors in the three periods of ancient China (before 1840), modern China (from 1840 to 1949) and after the founding of the People's Republic of China (after 1949), and interprets the thinking driving characteristics behind urban planning thoughts. It is clear that one of the reasons for the current urban homogenization lies in the weakening of traditional symbolic aesthetics in planning thoughts and the restriction of immature culture. The research aims to provide a new perspective and direction for the inheritance of urban planning ideas under the new normal.
2021, 20(3): 32-43.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021059
Abstract:
Nowadays, the global climate change is affecting many aspects of construction projects in the extremely hot environment. And cooling design has become an important direction in the field of climate adaptation design. However, it is disjointed between cooling design practice and related theoretical research. This paper aims to collect relevant first-line cooling design construction projects in extremely hot environment from the perspective of landscape architecture designers. Besides, this paper also sorts out and analyzes the landscape techniques of cooling design in the landscape architecture designers' cognition, which includes the intervention of landscape architecture influence in many construction fields on the wall of buildings, building platform space, building space interior and open urban space. Through the research, it is found that the relevant cooling design construction projects involve the landscape architecture design and creation of shade, humidity, water and ventilation to varying degrees. This study is of great significance for relevant scholars to understand the cognition and practice of cooling design of fist-line landscape architecture designers in practice, and it provides experience and enlightenment for future related cooling design construction projects for landscape architecture designers.
Nowadays, the global climate change is affecting many aspects of construction projects in the extremely hot environment. And cooling design has become an important direction in the field of climate adaptation design. However, it is disjointed between cooling design practice and related theoretical research. This paper aims to collect relevant first-line cooling design construction projects in extremely hot environment from the perspective of landscape architecture designers. Besides, this paper also sorts out and analyzes the landscape techniques of cooling design in the landscape architecture designers' cognition, which includes the intervention of landscape architecture influence in many construction fields on the wall of buildings, building platform space, building space interior and open urban space. Through the research, it is found that the relevant cooling design construction projects involve the landscape architecture design and creation of shade, humidity, water and ventilation to varying degrees. This study is of great significance for relevant scholars to understand the cognition and practice of cooling design of fist-line landscape architecture designers in practice, and it provides experience and enlightenment for future related cooling design construction projects for landscape architecture designers.
2021, 20(3): 44-53.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021035
Abstract:
At present, there is a structural contradiction in Chinese leisure vacation industry. How to enhance the appeal of the resort has become the key to solve this problem. It is an important way to enhance the attractiveness of resort by evaluating the tourist perceived value and then conducting marketing strategy research on resorts. This paper analyzes the changes of multiple dimensions of perceived value of 825 participants before and after receiving the stimulation of marketing materials by the quasi-experimental method. The results show that marketing materials can significantly affect every dimension of the perceived value. Among them, the perception differences of the functional value, service value, emotional value, monetary cost, and non-monetary cost are the most obvious. At the same time, we compares the importance of each perceived value and perceived performance with the IPA analysis method. It is found that environment and service are the most important factors for potential tourists, and the environment and facility perception of the case site perform best. Based on the above conclusions, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures from three aspects of precision marketing, optimization of marketing content and promotion of marketing strategy.
At present, there is a structural contradiction in Chinese leisure vacation industry. How to enhance the appeal of the resort has become the key to solve this problem. It is an important way to enhance the attractiveness of resort by evaluating the tourist perceived value and then conducting marketing strategy research on resorts. This paper analyzes the changes of multiple dimensions of perceived value of 825 participants before and after receiving the stimulation of marketing materials by the quasi-experimental method. The results show that marketing materials can significantly affect every dimension of the perceived value. Among them, the perception differences of the functional value, service value, emotional value, monetary cost, and non-monetary cost are the most obvious. At the same time, we compares the importance of each perceived value and perceived performance with the IPA analysis method. It is found that environment and service are the most important factors for potential tourists, and the environment and facility perception of the case site perform best. Based on the above conclusions, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures from three aspects of precision marketing, optimization of marketing content and promotion of marketing strategy.
2021, 20(3): 54-57.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020071
Abstract:
Puyuan was a famous garden in Qing Dynasty located at the northern hills of Yizheng County, Jiangsu Province. As the documents of this garden in the county annals were brief, the information of its master is scarce. The aim of this article is to explore the information of its master by textual research, such as the family, the native place, as well as the landscape of this garden. The results show: the master of the garden came from a family with a family name of Ba from Yuliang Town, Shexian County, Anhui Province. The Ba's family has a linear genealogy. The Ba's family in Yizheng had the same ancestor as that in Dongtai. The first generation who came to Yizheng to engage in salt business was called Ba Yuan-huang, and his son was named Ba Shu-bao who made a big fortune with painstaking efforts. Ba Guang-hao, Ba Guang-kui and Ba Yan-nong, as Ba Shu-bao’s three sons, built the Puyuan garden and became the first generation masters, while Ba Tang-xin, Ba Tang-bing and Ba Tang-jun were the second generation masters. The landscape of Puyuan was magnificent, and its site was in countryside, with hills in the north and a river in the south. Trees and weeds were flourish and the river water were clear. It had a large area with a lot of scenic spots, of which 43 were named by poets. A huge rockery was built in the garden, at the top of which people can view the Yangtze River. There were 18 suites, and people could get lost in them. There were 64 tablets with calligraphy of celebrates from different dynasties of China, and 16 tablets of scenic spot poems. The garden was regarded as the first famous garden in the south of Huaihe river.
Puyuan was a famous garden in Qing Dynasty located at the northern hills of Yizheng County, Jiangsu Province. As the documents of this garden in the county annals were brief, the information of its master is scarce. The aim of this article is to explore the information of its master by textual research, such as the family, the native place, as well as the landscape of this garden. The results show: the master of the garden came from a family with a family name of Ba from Yuliang Town, Shexian County, Anhui Province. The Ba's family has a linear genealogy. The Ba's family in Yizheng had the same ancestor as that in Dongtai. The first generation who came to Yizheng to engage in salt business was called Ba Yuan-huang, and his son was named Ba Shu-bao who made a big fortune with painstaking efforts. Ba Guang-hao, Ba Guang-kui and Ba Yan-nong, as Ba Shu-bao’s three sons, built the Puyuan garden and became the first generation masters, while Ba Tang-xin, Ba Tang-bing and Ba Tang-jun were the second generation masters. The landscape of Puyuan was magnificent, and its site was in countryside, with hills in the north and a river in the south. Trees and weeds were flourish and the river water were clear. It had a large area with a lot of scenic spots, of which 43 were named by poets. A huge rockery was built in the garden, at the top of which people can view the Yangtze River. There were 18 suites, and people could get lost in them. There were 64 tablets with calligraphy of celebrates from different dynasties of China, and 16 tablets of scenic spot poems. The garden was regarded as the first famous garden in the south of Huaihe river.
2021, 20(3): 58-64.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021073
Abstract:
Ecosystem service is an important index to assess the status and change of ecosystem, which can provide the basis for effective protection and scientific utilization of ecosystem services. Assessment of ecosystem service value is fundamental for understanding the ecological value and promoting value transformation from clear water and green mountains to gold and silver mountains. Based on the data from "National Assessment on Ecosystem Changes Between 2010 and 2015" and methods in Technical Guidelines for Terrestrial Ecosystem Gross Product (GEP) Accounting, four regulation services and value of China's shrub ecosystem in 2015 was assessed. The results show that the total services quantity is 1652.89 billion cubic meters for water conservation, 267.33 billion tons for soil conservation, 22.10 billion tons for sandstorm prevention, and 1289.96 million tons for carbon sequestration. The total service value is 22388.15 billion yuan, with the descending order of water conservation, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, and sandstorm prevention. On the national scale, the service value is higher in west than in east, and higher in south than in north. The provinces with the highest service values are concentrated in the southwest.
Ecosystem service is an important index to assess the status and change of ecosystem, which can provide the basis for effective protection and scientific utilization of ecosystem services. Assessment of ecosystem service value is fundamental for understanding the ecological value and promoting value transformation from clear water and green mountains to gold and silver mountains. Based on the data from "National Assessment on Ecosystem Changes Between 2010 and 2015" and methods in Technical Guidelines for Terrestrial Ecosystem Gross Product (GEP) Accounting, four regulation services and value of China's shrub ecosystem in 2015 was assessed. The results show that the total services quantity is 1652.89 billion cubic meters for water conservation, 267.33 billion tons for soil conservation, 22.10 billion tons for sandstorm prevention, and 1289.96 million tons for carbon sequestration. The total service value is 22388.15 billion yuan, with the descending order of water conservation, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, and sandstorm prevention. On the national scale, the service value is higher in west than in east, and higher in south than in north. The provinces with the highest service values are concentrated in the southwest.
2021, 20(3): 65-72.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020188
Abstract:
We selected ten sample subjects as the research object, and adopted the three-stage coding procedure based on the theoretical research method to analyze the factors influencing multi-agent collaboration of regional branding of forest food, and explore the model of multi-agent collaborative participation in regional branding of forest food.Our research shows that the regional brand of forest food comprises 9 main categories. The process of regional branding of forest food is the process of brand elements convergence and transmission, and the potential difference of brand elements resources among the subjects and the process of brand elements between the subjects provide possibility and impetus for the convergence of factors.There are two main forms of multi-agent collaborative model of regional branding of forest food, namely, the top-down principal-agent collaborative model led by the government and the bottom-up principal-agent collaborative model led by the market principal-agents represented by processing enterprises.
We selected ten sample subjects as the research object, and adopted the three-stage coding procedure based on the theoretical research method to analyze the factors influencing multi-agent collaboration of regional branding of forest food, and explore the model of multi-agent collaborative participation in regional branding of forest food.Our research shows that the regional brand of forest food comprises 9 main categories. The process of regional branding of forest food is the process of brand elements convergence and transmission, and the potential difference of brand elements resources among the subjects and the process of brand elements between the subjects provide possibility and impetus for the convergence of factors.There are two main forms of multi-agent collaborative model of regional branding of forest food, namely, the top-down principal-agent collaborative model led by the government and the bottom-up principal-agent collaborative model led by the market principal-agents represented by processing enterprises.
2021, 20(3): 73-81.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021024
Abstract:
The rural revitalization is the top priority of the organic development of the domestic cycle. The follow-up development of relocation for poverty alleviation is a key part of rural revitalization; however, for various reasons, there is an urgent need to solve the problems of insufficient development and the risk of returning to poverty in the life and production of the people after relocation. Taking the collective economic development of relocated communities for poverty alleviation in Guizhou Province as an example, we introduce the situation of the relocation, and analyze the plights of residents in the relocated communities. From the perspective of the community collective development, an attempt was made to establish the specific framework and institutional mechanism of sustainable economic development of such communities, by using corporate governance and other means. We discuss the structure of community development in organization, management, share and benefit allocation, and analyze the relevant issues of community collective economic cooperatives and community farmers' professional cooperatives in community collective development. Then the paper clarifies the community collective development mechanism in income internalization, risk internalization, local employment, guarantee maximization whilst considering fairness, and puts forward new ideas for sustainable development in the era of relocation after resettlement in Guizhou.
The rural revitalization is the top priority of the organic development of the domestic cycle. The follow-up development of relocation for poverty alleviation is a key part of rural revitalization; however, for various reasons, there is an urgent need to solve the problems of insufficient development and the risk of returning to poverty in the life and production of the people after relocation. Taking the collective economic development of relocated communities for poverty alleviation in Guizhou Province as an example, we introduce the situation of the relocation, and analyze the plights of residents in the relocated communities. From the perspective of the community collective development, an attempt was made to establish the specific framework and institutional mechanism of sustainable economic development of such communities, by using corporate governance and other means. We discuss the structure of community development in organization, management, share and benefit allocation, and analyze the relevant issues of community collective economic cooperatives and community farmers' professional cooperatives in community collective development. Then the paper clarifies the community collective development mechanism in income internalization, risk internalization, local employment, guarantee maximization whilst considering fairness, and puts forward new ideas for sustainable development in the era of relocation after resettlement in Guizhou.
2021, 20(3): 82-92.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020089
Abstract:
Pupils have different degrees of anxiety and their attention level is relatively low due to restricted cognitive development. Horticultural therapy, as an ecological psychological treatment method, has a significant effect on anxiety and attention. There have been many experimental and clinical studies on horticultural therapy abroad, and a complete theoretical system has been established. However, few domestic scientists have relevant experiments and clinical reports. This study used both quantitative and qualitative analysis methods to explore the effect of horticultural therapy on pupils' anxiety and its internal mechanism. After analyzing the attention and anxiety of primary school students through the questionnaire survey, we designed horticultural group activities and explored its effect on improving primary school students' anxiety and attention. In addition, we also explored whether attention is the mediating variable. The results show that the primary school students do have anxiety and their attention level can significantly negatively predict anxiety. The anxiety level of the experimental group was significantly reduced and the attention level was significantly improved by participating horticultural activities. However, the mediating role of attention is not significant in the effect of the horticultural on anxiety. In qualitative analysis, we found that horticultural can also bring happy mood, relieve anxiety, improve problem-solving ability, improve attention and concentration, which is of great significance to mental health.
Pupils have different degrees of anxiety and their attention level is relatively low due to restricted cognitive development. Horticultural therapy, as an ecological psychological treatment method, has a significant effect on anxiety and attention. There have been many experimental and clinical studies on horticultural therapy abroad, and a complete theoretical system has been established. However, few domestic scientists have relevant experiments and clinical reports. This study used both quantitative and qualitative analysis methods to explore the effect of horticultural therapy on pupils' anxiety and its internal mechanism. After analyzing the attention and anxiety of primary school students through the questionnaire survey, we designed horticultural group activities and explored its effect on improving primary school students' anxiety and attention. In addition, we also explored whether attention is the mediating variable. The results show that the primary school students do have anxiety and their attention level can significantly negatively predict anxiety. The anxiety level of the experimental group was significantly reduced and the attention level was significantly improved by participating horticultural activities. However, the mediating role of attention is not significant in the effect of the horticultural on anxiety. In qualitative analysis, we found that horticultural can also bring happy mood, relieve anxiety, improve problem-solving ability, improve attention and concentration, which is of great significance to mental health.
2021, 20(3): 93-98.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2021161
Abstract:
Under the background of education evaluation reform in the new era, higher education should explore a way of education evaluation reform that has Chinese characteristics and conforms to China's national settings, and guides colleges and universities to serve the national strategic development. The implementation of education evaluation reform in colleges and universities is the cornerstone of the connotative development of higher education. Secondary colleges are at the leading edge (serving as the important frontier) for the implementation and promotion of education evaluation reform. This article focuses on the study of the system of employment term tasks for secondary colleges of universities and insists on the priority of moral education. The research intends to deepen the implementation of the new concept of evaluation, eliminate the shortcomings of the old system, explore the role of the employment term task system of promoting the value, structure, and function of educational evaluation, and analyze the difficulties in establishing the employment term task system. By initially building the framework of the employment terms and enriching the connotation of it, this article proposes a concept of "five balanced relations", which provides an effective way and reference for furthering the exploration of college education evaluation reform and the establishment of the system of employment term tasks.
Under the background of education evaluation reform in the new era, higher education should explore a way of education evaluation reform that has Chinese characteristics and conforms to China's national settings, and guides colleges and universities to serve the national strategic development. The implementation of education evaluation reform in colleges and universities is the cornerstone of the connotative development of higher education. Secondary colleges are at the leading edge (serving as the important frontier) for the implementation and promotion of education evaluation reform. This article focuses on the study of the system of employment term tasks for secondary colleges of universities and insists on the priority of moral education. The research intends to deepen the implementation of the new concept of evaluation, eliminate the shortcomings of the old system, explore the role of the employment term task system of promoting the value, structure, and function of educational evaluation, and analyze the difficulties in establishing the employment term task system. By initially building the framework of the employment terms and enriching the connotation of it, this article proposes a concept of "five balanced relations", which provides an effective way and reference for furthering the exploration of college education evaluation reform and the establishment of the system of employment term tasks.
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