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2020 Vol. 19, No. 4
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2020, 19(4): 1-7.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020061
Abstract:
The cultivation of ecological culture, as a new, advanced form of culture, is the result of multiple mechanisms. First of all, it needs mutual assistance and complementation among different subjects, so as to achieve the inheritance, innovation, development and prosperity of ecological culture; through deep, constructive acceptance and identification, make ecological ethics, ecological outlook of morality, ecological values, ecological development concept, and ecological consumption concept become the core values of the society; with certain factors to stimulate psychological motivation, positively promote the cultivation of ecological culture. The system of ecological culture cultivation is the relationship mode and code of conduct among the main bodies, the reverse heteronomy is the basis of the system guarantee, the sound science is the premise of the system guarantee, and the implementation effect reflects the strength of the system security; social evaluation is its error correction and lubrication system, so it is necessary to build appropriate channels and platforms and integrate authoritative evaluation and public evaluation, and to establish an evaluation mechanism that combines authoritative evaluation and public evaluation. The “five mechanisms of collaborative cultivation, acceptance recognition, institutional guarantee, incentive and evaluation are interrelated, complementary and supportive, jointly promoting the cultivation and prosperity of ecological culture.
The cultivation of ecological culture, as a new, advanced form of culture, is the result of multiple mechanisms. First of all, it needs mutual assistance and complementation among different subjects, so as to achieve the inheritance, innovation, development and prosperity of ecological culture; through deep, constructive acceptance and identification, make ecological ethics, ecological outlook of morality, ecological values, ecological development concept, and ecological consumption concept become the core values of the society; with certain factors to stimulate psychological motivation, positively promote the cultivation of ecological culture. The system of ecological culture cultivation is the relationship mode and code of conduct among the main bodies, the reverse heteronomy is the basis of the system guarantee, the sound science is the premise of the system guarantee, and the implementation effect reflects the strength of the system security; social evaluation is its error correction and lubrication system, so it is necessary to build appropriate channels and platforms and integrate authoritative evaluation and public evaluation, and to establish an evaluation mechanism that combines authoritative evaluation and public evaluation. The “five mechanisms of collaborative cultivation, acceptance recognition, institutional guarantee, incentive and evaluation are interrelated, complementary and supportive, jointly promoting the cultivation and prosperity of ecological culture.
2020, 19(4): 8-15.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020097
Abstract:
The spatial relationship between humans and nature in the context of urbanization is crucial to the formation of the modern concept of “game (wildlife, yewei, 野味) which as a kind of human-terrestrial relations is able to serve as an imaginative approach to nature. The notion of “game in modern society has two extremes and oscillates between them. See it as a den of evil based on the need for sanitary protection, or as a unique nutritional delicacy of taste based on an alienated view of the natural countryside and the practical need to promote rural tourism. The two attitudes may seem incompatible, but they are two sides of the same coin of ecological issues in the context of modernization and urbanization. To radically reduce the tension between the civilized and wild worlds, a cultural rethinking of the antagonism between man and nature is indispensable, and ecologism will become a new ethical norm. At present, legislation has explicitly prohibited the hunting and eating of “wild game? but in order to cultivate a healthy relationship between man and nature, local education and nature education should be promoted on this basis, and a sound ecological ethic should be cultivated from the bottom up.
The spatial relationship between humans and nature in the context of urbanization is crucial to the formation of the modern concept of “game (wildlife, yewei, 野味) which as a kind of human-terrestrial relations is able to serve as an imaginative approach to nature. The notion of “game in modern society has two extremes and oscillates between them. See it as a den of evil based on the need for sanitary protection, or as a unique nutritional delicacy of taste based on an alienated view of the natural countryside and the practical need to promote rural tourism. The two attitudes may seem incompatible, but they are two sides of the same coin of ecological issues in the context of modernization and urbanization. To radically reduce the tension between the civilized and wild worlds, a cultural rethinking of the antagonism between man and nature is indispensable, and ecologism will become a new ethical norm. At present, legislation has explicitly prohibited the hunting and eating of “wild game? but in order to cultivate a healthy relationship between man and nature, local education and nature education should be promoted on this basis, and a sound ecological ethic should be cultivated from the bottom up.
2020, 19(4): 16-23.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020105
Abstract:
Based on the standard “index system of monitoring and assessment of social and economic impacts of Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program (CCFP)? a questionnaire survey has been conducted and data collected from 2 495 sampled farmer households of 16 provinces in central and western China. This paper describes the implementation, effectiveness and problems of CCFP from the perspective of farmers, so as to provide reference for decision making on how to maintain the achievements and expand the scale of CCFP. The results show that 90% of households have received subsidies on time, 50% stopped receiving subsidy as the policy was due. And there are regional differences in households dependence on CCFP subsidy. CCFP not only improved the ecological environment in the project area, but also improved farmers family business structure, promoted the transfer of labor to non-agricultural employment, and helped poverty elimination. The effects of CCFP have been confirmed by most interviewees. Finally, this paper analyzes the problems of low subsidy standard and economic return of CCFP land, and proposes corresponding countermeasures and policy suggestions.
Based on the standard “index system of monitoring and assessment of social and economic impacts of Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program (CCFP)? a questionnaire survey has been conducted and data collected from 2 495 sampled farmer households of 16 provinces in central and western China. This paper describes the implementation, effectiveness and problems of CCFP from the perspective of farmers, so as to provide reference for decision making on how to maintain the achievements and expand the scale of CCFP. The results show that 90% of households have received subsidies on time, 50% stopped receiving subsidy as the policy was due. And there are regional differences in households dependence on CCFP subsidy. CCFP not only improved the ecological environment in the project area, but also improved farmers family business structure, promoted the transfer of labor to non-agricultural employment, and helped poverty elimination. The effects of CCFP have been confirmed by most interviewees. Finally, this paper analyzes the problems of low subsidy standard and economic return of CCFP land, and proposes corresponding countermeasures and policy suggestions.
2020, 19(4): 24-36.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020139
Abstract:
Green infrastructure (GI) has been paid more and more attention by scholars as an effective measure to solve problems of environmental degradation and biodiversity destruction, and improve living environment. In this paper, we carried out visualized analysis of related research on GI using CiteSpace software. Some 947 GI-related English literatures from Web of Science database and 400 Chinese literatures from CNKI database were sampled, and analyses were performed on academic institutions cooperation network, keywords co-occurrence, literature co-citation. It is found that there is still a large gap in GI research between China and abroad. Through summarizing the progress and characteristics of internaional GI research, we put forward four suggestions for GI research in our country: strengthen cooperation between academic institutions; strengthen interdisciplinary cooperation and expand research areas; the research focus should be extended to quantitative, comprehensive performance evaluation, and establishment of scientific management mechanism; propose areas that should be paid more attention to and explored in the future. In the face of increasingly serious environmental and ecological problems in the world and China, green infrastructure will surely become the focus of future development.
Green infrastructure (GI) has been paid more and more attention by scholars as an effective measure to solve problems of environmental degradation and biodiversity destruction, and improve living environment. In this paper, we carried out visualized analysis of related research on GI using CiteSpace software. Some 947 GI-related English literatures from Web of Science database and 400 Chinese literatures from CNKI database were sampled, and analyses were performed on academic institutions cooperation network, keywords co-occurrence, literature co-citation. It is found that there is still a large gap in GI research between China and abroad. Through summarizing the progress and characteristics of internaional GI research, we put forward four suggestions for GI research in our country: strengthen cooperation between academic institutions; strengthen interdisciplinary cooperation and expand research areas; the research focus should be extended to quantitative, comprehensive performance evaluation, and establishment of scientific management mechanism; propose areas that should be paid more attention to and explored in the future. In the face of increasingly serious environmental and ecological problems in the world and China, green infrastructure will surely become the focus of future development.
2020, 19(4): 37-45.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020069
Abstract:
With the development of social media, tourists photography has greatly influenced the shaping and dissemination of the image of tourist destinations. The photographic images directly reflect the tourists perception of the image of the tourist destination and provide a valuable perspective for place making of the historic and cultural districts. Taking the Dongguan historical and cultural district (hereafter Dongguan District) in Yangzhou City as an example, this paper studies tourists perception of the Dongguan District from three aspects of cognitive image, emotional image and overall image, based on simulation shooting method, image analysis method and in-depth interview method. On this basis, we propose the suggestion of place making of the Dongguan District, and point out that we should strengthen the characteristic symbols of the tourism destination, integrate the fragmented symbols, organically merge together natural landscape and humanistic characteristics and strengthen the space organization, thus effectively building destination symbol space, improving the perception of the tourist destination image and promoting the construction of Dongguan District and sustainable development of tourism.
With the development of social media, tourists photography has greatly influenced the shaping and dissemination of the image of tourist destinations. The photographic images directly reflect the tourists perception of the image of the tourist destination and provide a valuable perspective for place making of the historic and cultural districts. Taking the Dongguan historical and cultural district (hereafter Dongguan District) in Yangzhou City as an example, this paper studies tourists perception of the Dongguan District from three aspects of cognitive image, emotional image and overall image, based on simulation shooting method, image analysis method and in-depth interview method. On this basis, we propose the suggestion of place making of the Dongguan District, and point out that we should strengthen the characteristic symbols of the tourism destination, integrate the fragmented symbols, organically merge together natural landscape and humanistic characteristics and strengthen the space organization, thus effectively building destination symbol space, improving the perception of the tourist destination image and promoting the construction of Dongguan District and sustainable development of tourism.
2020, 19(4): 46-54.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020074
Abstract:
The natural resources of the national parks in the United States are mainly divided into eight categories: biological resources, fire resources, water resources, air resources, geological resources, soundscapes, lightscape, and chemicals and odors. The management procedures set by the National Park Service include: formulating natural resources management plans, preserving and publishing natural resources information, carrying out assessment on natural resources impact, establishing extensive cooperation, promoting the restoration of natural ecosystems, establishing natural resources damage compensation system, adopting different management principles and methods for different types of natural resources, and establishing and strictly implementing the execution procedure of “application-review-assessment-permission for natural resources development and utilization. At present, there are such problems as insufficient coverage of natural resources types, misalignment of unified management and decentralized management, and serious shortage of financial investment. China’s national parks should clearly define the types of natural resources, gradually expand the pilot scope of natural resources asset management systems, establish and improve natural resources management systems, highlight ecosystem integrity, strengthen legal management and law enforcement, and strengthen the control of land and space use.
The natural resources of the national parks in the United States are mainly divided into eight categories: biological resources, fire resources, water resources, air resources, geological resources, soundscapes, lightscape, and chemicals and odors. The management procedures set by the National Park Service include: formulating natural resources management plans, preserving and publishing natural resources information, carrying out assessment on natural resources impact, establishing extensive cooperation, promoting the restoration of natural ecosystems, establishing natural resources damage compensation system, adopting different management principles and methods for different types of natural resources, and establishing and strictly implementing the execution procedure of “application-review-assessment-permission for natural resources development and utilization. At present, there are such problems as insufficient coverage of natural resources types, misalignment of unified management and decentralized management, and serious shortage of financial investment. China’s national parks should clearly define the types of natural resources, gradually expand the pilot scope of natural resources asset management systems, establish and improve natural resources management systems, highlight ecosystem integrity, strengthen legal management and law enforcement, and strengthen the control of land and space use.
2020, 19(4): 55-69.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2019148
Abstract:
Through reviewing the original foreign literatures such as travel writing and investigation reports written by many westerners who came to China, and systematically sorting out various publications of academic communities such as the American Forestry Society and the Engineering Society, as well as the Chinese and western English newspapers and periodicals, this paper focuses on the background of China’s forests, the main group of people collecting information, and the communication letters from the modern westerners. From five aspects, namely, the main media, the process of dissemination, doubts and disputes, this paper carries out a thorough study of the historical process of forming a stereotype of deforestation in northern China in Europe and the United States from the viewpoints of missionaries, scientists, engineers and the government. The article holds that the American scholars full understanding of the high similarity of geographical environment between China and the United States is the background that the United States pays more attention to China’s forests than Europe in modern times. At that time, the United States was facing a similar forest crisis as China, and urgently needed to promote the whole society to set up the idea of learning lessons and protecting forests and other resources through propaganda of negative textbooks. It is the driving force for the United States to focus on China’s forests. The formation of stereotype of deforestation in northern China is not only the process of establishing the forest protection system, perfecting forestry laws and administration in the United States, but also the process of circulation of forestry knowledge between China and the United States by repeatedly publicizing the phenomenon of deforestation in China and drawing lessons from it.
Through reviewing the original foreign literatures such as travel writing and investigation reports written by many westerners who came to China, and systematically sorting out various publications of academic communities such as the American Forestry Society and the Engineering Society, as well as the Chinese and western English newspapers and periodicals, this paper focuses on the background of China’s forests, the main group of people collecting information, and the communication letters from the modern westerners. From five aspects, namely, the main media, the process of dissemination, doubts and disputes, this paper carries out a thorough study of the historical process of forming a stereotype of deforestation in northern China in Europe and the United States from the viewpoints of missionaries, scientists, engineers and the government. The article holds that the American scholars full understanding of the high similarity of geographical environment between China and the United States is the background that the United States pays more attention to China’s forests than Europe in modern times. At that time, the United States was facing a similar forest crisis as China, and urgently needed to promote the whole society to set up the idea of learning lessons and protecting forests and other resources through propaganda of negative textbooks. It is the driving force for the United States to focus on China’s forests. The formation of stereotype of deforestation in northern China is not only the process of establishing the forest protection system, perfecting forestry laws and administration in the United States, but also the process of circulation of forestry knowledge between China and the United States by repeatedly publicizing the phenomenon of deforestation in China and drawing lessons from it.
2020, 19(4): 70-75.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020082
Abstract:
HAN An is one of the pioneers of modern forestry in our country. The Central Forestry Experimental Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry was a forestry research institution established in the Republic of China, which played a great role in the national economy and people’s livelihood. From 1941 to 1949, HAN An served as director of the Central Forestry Experimental Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. He played a big part from the initial development period when the institute was limited to the later period when every business began to take shape, laying a solid foundation for the development of modern forestry. In the establishment stage, he revised relevant rules and regulations, set up organizational structures, recruited talents, and launched forestry publications. Later, when the institute moved to Nanjing for further development, he improved the institutional framework, gathered and trained forestry talents, launched forestry publications again, and cooperated with the Jingsheng Biological Institute. The seven years when HAN An worked for the Central Forestry Experimental Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry are a brilliant period not only in the course of forestry development, but also of his lifetime. Looking back on this period of history, this paper explores its foundational role and historical significance in the course of forestry development.
HAN An is one of the pioneers of modern forestry in our country. The Central Forestry Experimental Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry was a forestry research institution established in the Republic of China, which played a great role in the national economy and people’s livelihood. From 1941 to 1949, HAN An served as director of the Central Forestry Experimental Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. He played a big part from the initial development period when the institute was limited to the later period when every business began to take shape, laying a solid foundation for the development of modern forestry. In the establishment stage, he revised relevant rules and regulations, set up organizational structures, recruited talents, and launched forestry publications. Later, when the institute moved to Nanjing for further development, he improved the institutional framework, gathered and trained forestry talents, launched forestry publications again, and cooperated with the Jingsheng Biological Institute. The seven years when HAN An worked for the Central Forestry Experimental Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry are a brilliant period not only in the course of forestry development, but also of his lifetime. Looking back on this period of history, this paper explores its foundational role and historical significance in the course of forestry development.
2020, 19(4): 76-81.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2020099
Abstract:
The planting and propagation of Chinese narcissus (Narcissus tazettaL.var.chinensisRoem.) and the formation of Chinese narcissus image are mutually reinforcing and promoting. The extensive planting makes the image of Chinese Narcissus expand from the “elite culture image of literature and painting to the “secular culture image of decoration, drama and sculpture, showing the aesthetic diversity of both “elegance and “vulgarity? The auspicious implication, economic benefit and ornamental value of Chinese narcissus determine that “aquatic ornamental and “flower sea are the main forms to promote its industrial development and planting promotion. As a cultural carrier, the application and promotion process of Chinese narcissus is the communication process of flower culture, such as literature, painting and sculpture, taking Chinese narcissus as the medium.
The planting and propagation of Chinese narcissus (Narcissus tazettaL.var.chinensisRoem.) and the formation of Chinese narcissus image are mutually reinforcing and promoting. The extensive planting makes the image of Chinese Narcissus expand from the “elite culture image of literature and painting to the “secular culture image of decoration, drama and sculpture, showing the aesthetic diversity of both “elegance and “vulgarity? The auspicious implication, economic benefit and ornamental value of Chinese narcissus determine that “aquatic ornamental and “flower sea are the main forms to promote its industrial development and planting promotion. As a cultural carrier, the application and promotion process of Chinese narcissus is the communication process of flower culture, such as literature, painting and sculpture, taking Chinese narcissus as the medium.
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