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2018 Vol. 17, No. 1
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2018, 17(1): 1-22.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017080
Abstract:
Mr. LING Dao-yang was a distinguished forester and educator in China. As a forester, he was a pioneer of China forestry, occupied a unique position in the forestry history in China, and made a historic contribution to the Chinese forestry development. He was born in a Christian family on December 18, 1888 in Buji village of Xinan County, Guangzhou City. His forestry footprints had been throughout the Republic of China (From 1912 to 1949) since he studied the Forestry as his major at Yale University in 1912. He returned to China and dedicated to Chinese forestry after he got his Master's degree in 1914, and participated in the formulation of the firstChina Forest Lawin the same year. He firstly advocated to establish China Arbor Day in 1915 and was appointed as the director of the Forestry Department of Nanking University in 1916. Then, in the next year, he initiated and established the China Forest Society in 1917. He was appointed as the director of the Forest Service Bureau of the Qingdao Commercial Port Government Office in 1922, and proposed the professional terms such as water and soil conservation in 1940. He served as a professor successively at Nanking University, Qingdao University, Peking University, and National Central University. Mr. LING Dao-yang, playing varied roles of a forester, educator and government official, was the epitome of Chinese forestry, made his historic contributions to fo restry advertising, forestry education, forest administration, forestry practices, and other aspects. As an educator, he was a prominent practitioner of education in Hong Kong as well. From the beginning of 1949, he devoted himself to the education in Hong Kong. He once served as the Dean of Chung Chi College and United College, CUHK, and finally received an Honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Massachusetts in 1957. As the chairman of the preparatory establishment of CUHK in 1963, he imparted knowledge and cultured people, and his kindness benefited posterity, and was praised by the world. He emigrated to U. S. in 1980 and departed this world on August 2nd, 1993 at his 105 years age. It is rare to have such pioneering and surpassing characters as Mr. LING Dao-yang in the history of Chinese forestry. Furthermore, it is uneasy for us to understand him if we did not read the Bible.
Mr. LING Dao-yang was a distinguished forester and educator in China. As a forester, he was a pioneer of China forestry, occupied a unique position in the forestry history in China, and made a historic contribution to the Chinese forestry development. He was born in a Christian family on December 18, 1888 in Buji village of Xinan County, Guangzhou City. His forestry footprints had been throughout the Republic of China (From 1912 to 1949) since he studied the Forestry as his major at Yale University in 1912. He returned to China and dedicated to Chinese forestry after he got his Master's degree in 1914, and participated in the formulation of the firstChina Forest Lawin the same year. He firstly advocated to establish China Arbor Day in 1915 and was appointed as the director of the Forestry Department of Nanking University in 1916. Then, in the next year, he initiated and established the China Forest Society in 1917. He was appointed as the director of the Forest Service Bureau of the Qingdao Commercial Port Government Office in 1922, and proposed the professional terms such as water and soil conservation in 1940. He served as a professor successively at Nanking University, Qingdao University, Peking University, and National Central University. Mr. LING Dao-yang, playing varied roles of a forester, educator and government official, was the epitome of Chinese forestry, made his historic contributions to fo restry advertising, forestry education, forest administration, forestry practices, and other aspects. As an educator, he was a prominent practitioner of education in Hong Kong as well. From the beginning of 1949, he devoted himself to the education in Hong Kong. He once served as the Dean of Chung Chi College and United College, CUHK, and finally received an Honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Massachusetts in 1957. As the chairman of the preparatory establishment of CUHK in 1963, he imparted knowledge and cultured people, and his kindness benefited posterity, and was praised by the world. He emigrated to U. S. in 1980 and departed this world on August 2nd, 1993 at his 105 years age. It is rare to have such pioneering and surpassing characters as Mr. LING Dao-yang in the history of Chinese forestry. Furthermore, it is uneasy for us to understand him if we did not read the Bible.
2018, 17(1): 23-31.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017095
Abstract:
In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the exploration of forest resources in Qingshui River Valley became the mainstream of the development of Qingshui River Valley. A market system and production system around timber trade had formed and attracted various people to join in the resource competition in the commodity market, which built a multiethnic society in the middle and latter period of Qing Dynasty. Sanqiao People were the marginal group who were active in the commodity market process in the region. Sanqiao People's migration, settlement and livelihood showed that once the remote mountain area was in commodity market, its population supporting capacity and tension would expand and amplify. Thus, it would not only form a full tolerance multiethnic society, also the sustainable development in this region would be guaranteed in some degree in the process of commodity market. In the past 400 years, the relatively open timber market and its economic benefits were the root cause of sustainable development in Qingshui River Valley.
In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the exploration of forest resources in Qingshui River Valley became the mainstream of the development of Qingshui River Valley. A market system and production system around timber trade had formed and attracted various people to join in the resource competition in the commodity market, which built a multiethnic society in the middle and latter period of Qing Dynasty. Sanqiao People were the marginal group who were active in the commodity market process in the region. Sanqiao People's migration, settlement and livelihood showed that once the remote mountain area was in commodity market, its population supporting capacity and tension would expand and amplify. Thus, it would not only form a full tolerance multiethnic society, also the sustainable development in this region would be guaranteed in some degree in the process of commodity market. In the past 400 years, the relatively open timber market and its economic benefits were the root cause of sustainable development in Qingshui River Valley.
2018, 17(1): 32-39.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017166
Abstract:
The 7th session of Forest Culture Seminar was held in Guiyang on June 2017, sponsored by Beijing Forestry University and jointly by the Specialized Committee of Ecological and Environmental Psychology of China Social Psychological Association, the Forestry History Branch of China Forestry Association, and the Eco-Tourism Development Research Center of Beijing Forestry University. In the seminar, 29 scholars gave their splendid speeches from 4 aspects of forest culture, forestry history, forest and psychological health, and institutional construction of national parks. The attendees of the seminar reached a consensus as below. The forest culture not only needs to inherit traditional culture to enrich the current forest culture, i. e., using the traditional knowledge and experiences for modern life. It also needs to combine organically with the modern forest industry for promoting the competitiveness of forest industry and innovating forest culture product and therefore benefitting society. It should be closely integrated with the contemporary society for giving full play to the service function of the forest and promoting people's physical and mental health. It also should be highly combined with the reform of ecological civilization in order to smoothly conduct the pilot work of the national park system, and to explore the overall plan of the establishment of the national park system. After more than 20 years development, the forest culture system in China gradually has formed, like the flying wings of young birds become increasingly stronger.
The 7th session of Forest Culture Seminar was held in Guiyang on June 2017, sponsored by Beijing Forestry University and jointly by the Specialized Committee of Ecological and Environmental Psychology of China Social Psychological Association, the Forestry History Branch of China Forestry Association, and the Eco-Tourism Development Research Center of Beijing Forestry University. In the seminar, 29 scholars gave their splendid speeches from 4 aspects of forest culture, forestry history, forest and psychological health, and institutional construction of national parks. The attendees of the seminar reached a consensus as below. The forest culture not only needs to inherit traditional culture to enrich the current forest culture, i. e., using the traditional knowledge and experiences for modern life. It also needs to combine organically with the modern forest industry for promoting the competitiveness of forest industry and innovating forest culture product and therefore benefitting society. It should be closely integrated with the contemporary society for giving full play to the service function of the forest and promoting people's physical and mental health. It also should be highly combined with the reform of ecological civilization in order to smoothly conduct the pilot work of the national park system, and to explore the overall plan of the establishment of the national park system. After more than 20 years development, the forest culture system in China gradually has formed, like the flying wings of young birds become increasingly stronger.
2018, 17(1): 40-45.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017065
Abstract:
The overview of the bamboo handicraft industry in ancient Japan (AC 300?94) can be seen from the JapaneseChorography Fudokiin the eighth century. The handicrafts such as dustpans, combs, cages, bamboo fish traps, bamboo water pipes, arrows, and bamboo knives were mainly distributed in 19 provinces of Harima, Izumo, Ise, Hitachi, Hizen, Tango, Settsu, Satsuma, Yamashiro, ōsumi, Iraq Yu, Izu, Mimasaka, Bungo, Hyuga, Mikawanokuni, Kii, Mutsu, and Awa. Among them, Harima was the center for dustpan. ōsumi and Harima were the center for comb. Iraq Yu, Izu, Settsu and Harima were the centers for bamboo water pipes. Yamashiro, Izumo, Harima and Bungo were the center for arrows. Satsuma was the center for bamboo knives.
The overview of the bamboo handicraft industry in ancient Japan (AC 300?94) can be seen from the JapaneseChorography Fudokiin the eighth century. The handicrafts such as dustpans, combs, cages, bamboo fish traps, bamboo water pipes, arrows, and bamboo knives were mainly distributed in 19 provinces of Harima, Izumo, Ise, Hitachi, Hizen, Tango, Settsu, Satsuma, Yamashiro, ōsumi, Iraq Yu, Izu, Mimasaka, Bungo, Hyuga, Mikawanokuni, Kii, Mutsu, and Awa. Among them, Harima was the center for dustpan. ōsumi and Harima were the center for comb. Iraq Yu, Izu, Settsu and Harima were the centers for bamboo water pipes. Yamashiro, Izumo, Harima and Bungo were the center for arrows. Satsuma was the center for bamboo knives.
2018, 17(1): 46-52.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017087
Abstract:
Many homogeneous tourism destinations in a region are usually oriented to a main tourist market, and the similarity of resources and location differences will inevitably lead to the shift of attractiveness. Through investigation, it is found that Guangzhou residents follow the patterns of decision- making for visiting 25 national forest parks in Guangdong Province: Accessibility, based on objective distance, is a comprehensive indicator of travel time and effort, and is proportional to tourist income. Perception is closely related to the level and popularity of scenic spots, and can be improved by special natural types and cultural history. The geographical relationship between tourists and destinations will increase the perception. Here the PRED matrix is used to integrate accessibility and perception, and the market structure of forest parks in Guangdong Province is divided based on the Guangzhou City as the source of tourists: The little Pearl River Delta has become the preferred area for travel, occupying a large share of the market; the large Pearl River Delta and the south region of North Guangdong Province is the alternative travel area, and tourist flow spreads to some high-level, especially the high-function forest parks by a point axis model; the two wings of western and eastern Guangdong Province are not selected usually by the residents, and the target market for it should be mainly in the surrounding counties.
Many homogeneous tourism destinations in a region are usually oriented to a main tourist market, and the similarity of resources and location differences will inevitably lead to the shift of attractiveness. Through investigation, it is found that Guangzhou residents follow the patterns of decision- making for visiting 25 national forest parks in Guangdong Province: Accessibility, based on objective distance, is a comprehensive indicator of travel time and effort, and is proportional to tourist income. Perception is closely related to the level and popularity of scenic spots, and can be improved by special natural types and cultural history. The geographical relationship between tourists and destinations will increase the perception. Here the PRED matrix is used to integrate accessibility and perception, and the market structure of forest parks in Guangdong Province is divided based on the Guangzhou City as the source of tourists: The little Pearl River Delta has become the preferred area for travel, occupying a large share of the market; the large Pearl River Delta and the south region of North Guangdong Province is the alternative travel area, and tourist flow spreads to some high-level, especially the high-function forest parks by a point axis model; the two wings of western and eastern Guangdong Province are not selected usually by the residents, and the target market for it should be mainly in the surrounding counties.
2018, 17(1): 53-58.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017092
Abstract:
By means of spectacle social theory and gaze theory, the " spectacle " and " gaze " phenomenon in travel blogs is deeply analyzed from the perspective of tourism, which is the process of bloggers use graceful and hyperbole linguistic expressions and diversified forms of blog writing and presentation, while visitors read blogs and are influenced by it. In this paper 20 travel blogs and all comments of 5 of them were selected, and the information sharing phenomenon and characteristics of travel blogs were analyzed through the research method of content analysis. The dynamic process of information exchange between travel bloggers and visitors was studied, and subsequently the corresponding propagation model was given. Finally, the results of this paper are utilized to propose some relevant suggestions to the managers in tourist destinations.
By means of spectacle social theory and gaze theory, the " spectacle " and " gaze " phenomenon in travel blogs is deeply analyzed from the perspective of tourism, which is the process of bloggers use graceful and hyperbole linguistic expressions and diversified forms of blog writing and presentation, while visitors read blogs and are influenced by it. In this paper 20 travel blogs and all comments of 5 of them were selected, and the information sharing phenomenon and characteristics of travel blogs were analyzed through the research method of content analysis. The dynamic process of information exchange between travel bloggers and visitors was studied, and subsequently the corresponding propagation model was given. Finally, the results of this paper are utilized to propose some relevant suggestions to the managers in tourist destinations.
2018, 17(1): 59-65.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017119
Abstract:
The paper selected import trade volume of wooden forest products from the countries along 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to China during 2000 to 2015, economic scale in each country, the differences of forest coverage rate among the countries, and other explaining variables, and then established stochastic frontier gravitational model for calculating trade efficiency and further analyzing the factors affecting the trade efficiency. The research shows that the average trade potential between China and ASEAN countries ranks first in all four regions, and the trade efficiency in other three regions of West Asia, South Asia, and central and eastern Europe need to be improved. With the purpose of increasing the trade scale and boosting the trade efficiency of wooden forest products between China and the countries along 21-Centuary Maritime Silk Road, we made national-level suggestions such as strengthening the exchanges and cooperation as well the flow of talents among countries, forming RMB trade delivery mode, and enhancing infrastructure facilities and Internet construction.
The paper selected import trade volume of wooden forest products from the countries along 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to China during 2000 to 2015, economic scale in each country, the differences of forest coverage rate among the countries, and other explaining variables, and then established stochastic frontier gravitational model for calculating trade efficiency and further analyzing the factors affecting the trade efficiency. The research shows that the average trade potential between China and ASEAN countries ranks first in all four regions, and the trade efficiency in other three regions of West Asia, South Asia, and central and eastern Europe need to be improved. With the purpose of increasing the trade scale and boosting the trade efficiency of wooden forest products between China and the countries along 21-Centuary Maritime Silk Road, we made national-level suggestions such as strengthening the exchanges and cooperation as well the flow of talents among countries, forming RMB trade delivery mode, and enhancing infrastructure facilities and Internet construction.
2018, 17(1): 66-72.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017098
Abstract:
There is a special group in urban afforestation project-farmers with "compound identity", i. e., as a trader in land circulation and a direct consumer outside forestry ecology engineering, studying the satisfaction of farmers with "compound identity" is of significance for the sustainable management and utilization of urban afforestation project. Based on the construction of a system with 5 dimensions and 24 evaluation indexes, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the satisfaction of farmers in Beijing plain afforestation project. The results showed that the overall satisfaction value of farmers was 65.825, which was only in the state of " general satisfaction". The order was as the management effect > compensation effect > ecological benefits > social benefits > economic benefits, indicating that at a certain extent, the feature of "compound" identity made the satisfaction degree would focus on the expectation of forestry ecological engineering externality only after the " economic compensation" was effectively guaranteed, which was major difference of farmers' satisfaction between in urban afforestation engineering and in general forestry ecological engineering.
There is a special group in urban afforestation project-farmers with "compound identity", i. e., as a trader in land circulation and a direct consumer outside forestry ecology engineering, studying the satisfaction of farmers with "compound identity" is of significance for the sustainable management and utilization of urban afforestation project. Based on the construction of a system with 5 dimensions and 24 evaluation indexes, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the satisfaction of farmers in Beijing plain afforestation project. The results showed that the overall satisfaction value of farmers was 65.825, which was only in the state of " general satisfaction". The order was as the management effect > compensation effect > ecological benefits > social benefits > economic benefits, indicating that at a certain extent, the feature of "compound" identity made the satisfaction degree would focus on the expectation of forestry ecological engineering externality only after the " economic compensation" was effectively guaranteed, which was major difference of farmers' satisfaction between in urban afforestation engineering and in general forestry ecological engineering.
2018, 17(1): 73-78.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2017081
Abstract:
This paper explores the net effect of the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Control Project on rural labor transfer while excluding the influence of economy development and urbanization process by using the balanced panel data about 73 consecutive samples in the year of 2005 to 2015. Firstly, this paper filters the significant variables for rural labor transfer in the project monitoring through the panel data model, and then preliminarily analyzes the effect of the project on rural labor transfer. Secondly, based on the regression model's results, this paper selects the significant explanatory variables in the model and the local economic variable as covariant, and gets the net effect of the project on rural labor transfer using the method of propensity score matching. Moreover, the difference between the phase 1 and 2 of the project was compared. The results show that this project has a positive effect on rural labor transfer, and the net effect increases by 0.9% from the first phase to the second phase, indicating that the social and economic benefits will become more obvious with the implementation of the project. Finally, this paper proposes policy suggestions for the sustainable development of the project.
This paper explores the net effect of the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Control Project on rural labor transfer while excluding the influence of economy development and urbanization process by using the balanced panel data about 73 consecutive samples in the year of 2005 to 2015. Firstly, this paper filters the significant variables for rural labor transfer in the project monitoring through the panel data model, and then preliminarily analyzes the effect of the project on rural labor transfer. Secondly, based on the regression model's results, this paper selects the significant explanatory variables in the model and the local economic variable as covariant, and gets the net effect of the project on rural labor transfer using the method of propensity score matching. Moreover, the difference between the phase 1 and 2 of the project was compared. The results show that this project has a positive effect on rural labor transfer, and the net effect increases by 0.9% from the first phase to the second phase, indicating that the social and economic benefits will become more obvious with the implementation of the project. Finally, this paper proposes policy suggestions for the sustainable development of the project.
2018, 17(1): 79-85.
doi:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2018013
Abstract:
"Protecting the litigant's right" is one of the basic links and core propositions in the judicial reform. In the practice of petition right to governmental administrations there are mainly two positive propulsion ideas of "problem oriented" and "concept implemented", but blindly positive propulsion must result in the increase of the potential risk of overcorrecting. It is a new idea to explore the reasonable (minimum) limit in the practice of petition right to governmental administrations from the reverse aspect. The exercise limit of petition right to governmental administrations is using the theory of object limitation and the theory of right limit as the source of legitimacy, and takes the finiteness of judicial resources, the limitation of judicial settlement in administrative disputes and the modesty of judicature as the considerations. In the absence of petition right level theory at present, the reasonable limit in the exercise of the petition right should be based on the rules as such, the current prosecution way and the prosecution conditions should prevail, reasonable parties' statements should be as the limit, and court' s alignment and verification should be as the degree. Regarding the risk prevention and control of abuse in petition right to governmental administrations, it should be conducted by involved parties to sign an agreement.
"Protecting the litigant's right" is one of the basic links and core propositions in the judicial reform. In the practice of petition right to governmental administrations there are mainly two positive propulsion ideas of "problem oriented" and "concept implemented", but blindly positive propulsion must result in the increase of the potential risk of overcorrecting. It is a new idea to explore the reasonable (minimum) limit in the practice of petition right to governmental administrations from the reverse aspect. The exercise limit of petition right to governmental administrations is using the theory of object limitation and the theory of right limit as the source of legitimacy, and takes the finiteness of judicial resources, the limitation of judicial settlement in administrative disputes and the modesty of judicature as the considerations. In the absence of petition right level theory at present, the reasonable limit in the exercise of the petition right should be based on the rules as such, the current prosecution way and the prosecution conditions should prevail, reasonable parties' statements should be as the limit, and court' s alignment and verification should be as the degree. Regarding the risk prevention and control of abuse in petition right to governmental administrations, it should be conducted by involved parties to sign an agreement.
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